Area of 64,589 sq km.

Bordering countries are Estonia and Russia to the north and north-east; Belarus and Lithuania to the south-east and south.
Some 500 km of coastline on the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Rīga.

Largest cities – Rīga (capital, population 713,0160), Daugavpils.

Main river is the Daugava, flowing from Belarus across the country to Rīga and the sea. Terrain: most of Latvia is flat plain, often wet and in need of drainage not irrigation; about 85% of agricultural land has been improved by drainage.   There are extensive pine forests. Mountains: none - the highest point in Latvia is just over 300 m.